Introduction
The Articles of the Constitution are extremely important for anyone preparing for competitive exams. Questions from this topic are frequently asked in the General Awareness and Indian Polity sections of major government exams. Trying to memorize the entire Constitution can feel overwhelming, but with the right strategy, it becomes much easier and even interesting.
In this guide, I will provide highly effective codes and tricks to remember the Articles of the Indian Constitution easily and accurately. We will cover mnemonic codes for Articles 1 to 122. The remaining articles will be covered in the next section.
This is Part 1 of the complete series on remembering the Articles of the Indian Constitution. In this article, we cover Articles 1 to 122 in detail. The remaining Articles will be covered in Part 2, where we will continue with equally powerful and easy memory techniques. Before diving into the memory techniques, let’s briefly understand some important basics about the Constitution.
The Constitution of India was framed and adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949. It came into full operation on 26 January 1950. Originally, the Constitution had 22 Parts, 395 Articles, and 8 Schedules. Over time, it has been amended to meet the evolving needs of the nation. Now, let’s begin with Part 1 of the Constitution.
Tricks to Remember the Articles of the Indian Constitution
Part 1: The Union and Its Territories (Articles 1–4)
This part contains only 4 Articles, so it is easy to remember. When learning the Articles of the Indian Constitution, short acronyms work best in the beginning. The simple code NEEL will help you recall Part 1 instantly.
Let’s decode NEEL:
- N – Name: Article 1 – Name and Territory of the Union
- E – Establishment: Article 2 – Admission or Establishment of New States
- E – Existing: Article 3 – Formation of New States and Alteration of Areas, Boundaries, or Names of Existing States
- L – Laws: Article 4 – Laws Made Under Articles 2 and 3
Important Tip:
Do not confuse Article 2 and Article 3. Article 2 deals with territories that are not currently part of India (external addition). Article 3 deals with the alteration of existing states or territories within India (internal changes).
Part 2: Citizenship (Articles 5–11)
This part contains 7 Articles. The code CMFMTOFCP will help you remember them in sequence.
Let’s decode it:
- C – Citizenship: Article 5 – Citizenship at the Commencement of the Constitution
- MF – Migrated From: Article 6 – Rights of Citizenship of Certain Persons Who Migrated from Pakistan
- MT – Migrated To: Article 7 – Rights of Citizenship of Certain Migrants to Pakistan
- O – Origin: Article 8 – Citizenship of Certain Persons of Indian Origin Residing Outside India
- F – Foreign: Article 9 – Persons Voluntarily Acquiring Citizenship of a Foreign State Not to Be Citizens of India
- C – Continuance: Article 10 – Continuance of the Rights of Citizenship
- P – Parliament: Article 11 – Parliament to Regulate the Right of Citizenship by Law
Exam Tip:
Do not confuse Articles 6 and 7. Article 6 refers to persons who migrated from Pakistan to India. Article 7 refers to those who migrated to Pakistan but later returned to India.
Part 3: Fundamental Rights (Articles 12–35)
This part includes Articles 12 to 35. Since it is longer, a simple one-word acronym is not enough. Here, we use a sentence-based code. The first letter of each word helps you remember the sequence of Articles.
Code:
State Invalidates Equality. No Judge Uses Titles. Free Crime Life Education Arrests Traffic Of Children. Faithful Men Never Attempt. Culture Matters. Mogged by Power Martial Law.
Now, let’s decode it clearly and correctly:
- State – S: Article 12 – Definition of the State
- Invalidates – I: Article 13 – Laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights are void
- Equality: Article 14 – Equality before Law
- No: Article 15 – Prohibition of Discrimination
- Judge (Jobs): Article 16 – Equality of Opportunity in Public Employment
- Uses (Untouchability): Article 17 – Abolition of Untouchability
- Titles: Article 18 – Abolition of Titles
- Free (Freedoms): Article 19 – Six Fundamental Freedoms
- Crime (Conviction): Article 20 – Protection in Respect of Conviction for Offences
- Life: Article 21 – Protection of Life and Personal Liberty
- Education: Article 21A – Right to Education
- Arrests (Rights): Article 22 – Protection in Certain Cases (Rights of Arrested Persons)
- Traffic: Article 23 – Prohibition of Traffic in Human Beings and Forced Labour
- Children: Article 24 – Prohibition of Child Labour
- Faithful (Freedom of Religion): Article 25 – Freedom of Conscience and Religion
- Men (Manage): Article 26 – Freedom to Manage Religious Affairs
- Never (No Tax): Article 27 – No Tax for Promotion of Any Religion
- Attempt (Attending): Article 28 – Freedom from Attending Religious Instruction
- Culture: Article 29 – Protection of Interests of Minorities
- Matters (Minorities): Article 30 – Right of Minorities to Establish and Administer Educational Institutions
- Mogged (Move): Article 32 – Right to Move the Supreme Court for Enforcement of Fundamental Rights
- Power: Article 33 – Power of Parliament to Modify Rights for Armed Forces
- Martial: Article 34 – Restriction on Rights During Martial Law
- Law: Article 35 – Parliament’s Power to Make Laws for Fundamental Rights
This completes Part 3. Revise the sentence regularly so that the sequence becomes natural in your memory.
Part 4: Directive Principles of State Policy (Articles 36–51)
The correct name is Directive Principles of State Policy, not Direct Principles.
Code:
Definition Not Enforceable, But Ensures Welfare Livelihood, Free Legal Aid, Panchayats, Work, Women Safety, Wages, Workers’ Rights, Civil Code, Child Education, Uplift SC/ST, Nutrition, Cow, Climate, Culture, Courts and Peace.
Now, let’s decode it:
- Definition: Article 36 – Definition of “State” (same as Article 12)
- Not Enforceable: Article 37 – Application of the Principles (not enforceable by courts)
- Welfare: Article 38 – State to Secure a Social Order
- Livelihood: Article 39 – Principles of Policy (adequate livelihood, equal pay, protection of children, etc.)
- Free Legal Aid: Article 39A – Equal Justice and Free Legal Aid
- Panchayats: Article 40 – Organisation of Village Panchayats
- Work: Article 41 – Right to Work, Education, and Public Assistance
- Women Safety: Article 42 – Just and Humane Conditions of Work and Maternity Relief
- Wages: Article 43 – Living Wage and Cottage Industries
- Workers’ Rights: Article 43A – Participation of Workers in Management
- Civil Code: Article 44 – Uniform Civil Code
- Child Education: Article 45 – Early Childhood Care and Education
- Uplift SC/ST: Article 46 – Promotion of Educational and Economic Interests of Weaker Sections
- Nutrition: Article 47 – Nutrition and Public Health
- Cow: Article 48 – Organisation of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
- Climate: Article 48A – Protection of Environment, Forests, and Wildlife
- Culture: Article 49 – Protection of Monuments
- Courts: Article 50 – Separation of Judiciary from Executive
- Peace: Article 51 – Promotion of International Peace and Security
Part 4A: Fundamental Duties (Article 51A)
Part 4A contains only one Article, but it includes multiple duties. Therefore, it is important to remember them clearly. The code for this section is:
“R-FUS P-PASS”
Article 51A – Fundamental Duties of Citizens
- Respect the Constitution
- Follow the Freedom ideals of the freedom struggle
- Protect the Unity and integrity of India
- Serve the country when required
- Promote harmony and brotherhood
- Preserve our rich cultural heritage
- Appreciate and protect the environment
- Develop a Scientific temper
- Safeguard public property
- Strive for excellence
Revise this list regularly so that you can recall all duties accurately in exams.
Part 5: The Union (Articles 52–122)
Part 5 is very important and slightly lengthy. It covers the President, Vice-President, Council of Ministers, and Parliament. To remember Articles 52 to 78, use the following letter code:
P, E, E, M, T, R, Q, C, O, I, T, V, C, A, E, T, V, O, O, M, P, E, C, A, A, C, D
Let’s decode it:
- P – President: Article 52 – The President of India
- E – Executive: Article 53 – Executive Power of the Union
- E – Election: Article 54 – Election of the President
- M – Manner: Article 55 – Manner of Election of the President
- T – Term: Article 56 – Term of Office of the President
- R – Re-election: Article 57 – Eligibility for Re-election
- Q – Qualifications: Article 58 – Qualifications for Election as President
- C – Conditions: Article 59 – Conditions of President’s Office
- O – Oath: Article 60 – Oath or Affirmation by the President
- I – Impeachment: Article 61 – Procedure for Impeachment
- T – Time: Article 62 – Time of Holding Election
- V – Vice-President: Article 63 – The Vice-President of India
- C – Chairman: Article 64 – Vice-President as Ex-Officio Chairman of the Council of States
- A – Acting: Article 65 – Vice-President to Act as President
- E – Election: Article 66 – Election of the Vice-President
- T – Term: Article 67 – Term of Office of the Vice-President
- V – Vacancy: Article 68 – Time of Holding Election to Fill Vacancy
- O – Oath: Article 69 – Oath or Affirmation by the Vice-President
- O – Other: Article 70 – Discharge of President’s Functions in Other Contingencies
- M – Matters: Article 71 – Matters Relating to Election
- P – Pardons: Article 72 – Power of Pardons
- E – Extent: Article 73 – Extent of Executive Power of the Union
- C – Council: Article 74 – Council of Ministers to Aid and Advise the President
- A – Appointment: Article 75 – Appointment and Tenure of Prime Minister and Ministers
- A – Attorney-General: Article 76 – Attorney-General for India
- C – Conduct: Article 77 – Conduct of Business of the Government of India
- D – Duties: Article 78 – Duties of the Prime Minister
Parliament (Articles 79–122)
Now we move to the Parliament section. The memory code is a story. The first letter of each word helps you recall the sequence.
Code:
Papa Really Likes Reading Documentaries Questions, So Prabhas And Rani Come On Visit Papa’s Court. Son Visits Papa’s Regular Session Seriously. Of Course Visiting Via Duplicate Dashing Porsche Pains Son. Before Judging Map Do A Second Plan Apple Study. View Flight Real Radar Long Range. Coil.
Now let’s decode it clearly:
- Papa – P: Article 79 – Constitution of Parliament
- Really – Rajya: Article 80 – Composition of Rajya Sabha
- Likes – Lok: Article 81 – Composition of Lok Sabha
- Reading – Readjustment: Article 82 – Readjustment after Census
- Documentaries – Duration: Article 83 – Duration of Houses
- Questions – Qualifications: Article 84 – Qualifications for Membership
- So – Sessions: Article 85 – Sessions of Parliament
- Prabhas – President: Article 86 – Right of President to Address
- And – Address: Article 87 – Special Address by the President
- Rani – Rights: Article 88 – Rights of Ministers and Attorney-General
- Come – Chairman: Article 89 – Chairman and Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha
- On – Office: Article 90 – Vacation and Resignation of Chairman
- Visit – Powers: Article 91 – Powers of Chairman
- Papa’s – Presiding: Article 92 – Chairman Not to Preside During Removal Motion
- Court – Speaker: Article 93 – Speaker and Deputy Speaker
- Son – Speaker’s Removal: Article 94 – Vacation and Removal of Speaker
- Visits – Perform: Article 95 – Power of Deputy Speaker to Perform Duties
- Papa’s – Presiding Restriction: Article 96 – Speaker Not to Preside During Removal Motion
- Regular – Salaries: Article 97 – Salaries and Allowances
- Session – Secretariat: Article 98 – Secretariat of Parliament
- Seriously – Oath: Article 99 – Oath by Members
- Of – Voting: Article 100 – Voting in Houses
- Course – Vacation: Article 101 – Vacation of Seats
- Visiting – Disqualification: Article 102 – Disqualifications
- Via – Decision: Article 103 – Decision on Disqualification
- Duplicate – Penalty: Article 104 – Penalty for Sitting Without Oath
- Dashing – Privileges: Article 105 – Powers and Privileges
- Porsche – Salaries: Article 106 – Salaries of Members
- Pains – Bills: Article 107 – Introduction and Passing of Bills
- Son – Joint Sitting: Article 108 – Joint Sitting
- Before – Money: Article 109 – Money Bills
- Judging – Definition: Article 110 – Definition of Money Bills
- Map – Assent: Article 111 – Assent to Bills
- Do – Annual Statement: Article 112 – Annual Financial Statement
- A – Estimates: Article 113 – Procedure Regarding Estimates
- Second – Appropriation: Article 114 – Appropriation Bills
- Plan – Supplementary: Article 115 – Supplementary Grants
- Apple – Votes: Article 116 – Votes on Account
- Study – Financial Bills: Article 117 – Financial Bills
- View – Rules: Article 118 – Rules of Procedure
- Flight – Regulation: Article 119 – Regulation of Financial Business
- Real – Language: Article 120 – Language in Parliament
- Radar – Restriction: Article 121 – Restriction on Discussion
- Long – Courts: Article 122 – Courts Not to Inquire into Proceedings
Practice MCQs – Indian Constitution (Articles 1–122)
1. Article 1 of the Indian Constitution deals with:
A) Citizenship
B) Name and Territory of the Union
C) Fundamental Rights
D) Parliament
2. Article 3 of the Constitution deals with:
A) Admission of new states from outside India
B) Formation and alteration of existing states
C) Emergency provisions
D) Election of the President
3. Which Article defines the “State” for Fundamental Rights?
A) Article 11
B) Article 12
C) Article 13
D) Article 14
4. Laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights become void under:
A) Article 12
B) Article 13
C) Article 19
D) Article 21
5. The Right to Equality is covered under:
A) Article 14
B) Article 16
C) Article 18
D) All of the above
6. The Right to Education is provided under:
A) Article 20
B) Article 21
C) Article 21A
D) Article 22
7. Abolition of Untouchability is mentioned in:
A) Article 15
B) Article 16
C) Article 17
D) Article 18
8. Directive Principles of State Policy are mentioned in:
A) Part 2
B) Part 3
C) Part 4
D) Part 5
9. Which Article talks about the Uniform Civil Code?
A) Article 42
B) Article 43
C) Article 44
D) Article 45
10. Fundamental Duties are mentioned in:
A) Article 50
B) Article 51
C) Article 51A
D) Article 52
11. The President of India is mentioned under:
A) Article 50
B) Article 52
C) Article 54
D) Article 60
12. Impeachment of the President is covered under:
A) Article 60
B) Article 61
C) Article 62
D) Article 63
13. The Council of Ministers is mentioned in:
A) Article 72
B) Article 73
C) Article 74
D) Article 75
14. Article 79 deals with:
A) President
B) Parliament
C) Judiciary
D) Attorney-General
15. Money Bills are defined under:
A) Article 108
B) Article 109
C) Article 110
D) Article 111
16. Assent to Bills by the President is covered under:
A) Article 109
B) Article 110
C) Article 111
D) Article 112
17. Language to be used in Parliament is mentioned in:
A) Article 118
B) Article 119
C) Article 120
D) Article 121
18. Courts are barred from inquiring into parliamentary proceedings under:
A) Article 120
B) Article 121
C) Article 122
D) Article 123
Answers:
1 – B
2 – B
3 – B
4 – B
5 – D
6 – C
7 – C
8 – C
9 – C
10 – C
11 – B
12 – B
13 – C
14 – B
15 – C
16 – C
17 – C
18 – C
Conclusion (Part 1)
In this Part 1 guide, we covered structured and reliable tricks to remember Articles 1 to 122 of the Indian Constitution. These Articles form the foundation of Indian Polity and are frequently asked in competitive exams.
This is only the first half of the complete Constitution coverage. Part 2 will cover the remaining Articles, along with additional memory codes and simplified explanations to help you master the entire Constitution step by step.
Revise these codes regularly until they become automatic in your memory. Consistent revision is the real key to success in competitive exams.
Stay tuned for Part 2.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1. Why learn articles of the Constitution?
A: They are heavily weighted and frequently asked in the General Awareness sections of almost all major competitive exams. Knowing them secures easy marks.
Q2. How to remember many articles easily?
A: Use story-based codes or mnemonic tricks where the first letters stand for articles. This reduces cognitive load and makes recall much faster.
Q3. How many articles were there originally?
A: The Constitution originally had 395 articles divided into 22 parts and 8 schedules when it was adopted.
Q4. What if I confuse similar articles?
A: Understand the main conceptual difference between them (like the difference between internal and external territories in Articles 2 and 3) and revise regularly to avoid confusion.
Q5. How often should I revise the codes?
A: Regular, daily revision is incredibly important to cement these codes in your long-term memory so you can recall them effortlessly.
